The land walls of Theodosius are probably the largest and most impressive non-religious monument in Istanbul. They completely seal off the land approach to the city, and with the sea walls, they completely enclose it. Much of the circuit has been reconstructed, and it is nice to be able to walk past ruined and reconstructed sections after each other. It gives a good idea of the walls. The reconstruction is a subject of much debate. Some serious historians have expressed admiration for the project and how it has been carried out, while others have been appalled by the work. I personally like the work, though I hope the entire length does not suffer it, as it would be a shame to lose the ruined original completely. These 5th century walls are remembered as the strongest city walls in the world. In addition to the great wall with its towers and gates and wall walk, there were additional defences. Outside this was a wide platform and then a second, smaller wall with its own parapet and towers. Beyond this was a wide moat. The defences held for many centuries until the advent of the cannon in siege warfare.

Access: The entire length of the land walls is walkable.

The land walls of Theodosius are probably the largest and most impressive non-religious monument in Istanbul. They completely seal off the land approach to the city, and with the sea walls, they completely enclose it. Much of the circuit has been reconstructed, and it is nice to be able to walk past ruined and reconstructed sections after each other. It gives a good idea of the walls. The reconstruction is a subject of much debate. Some serious historians have expressed admiration for the project and how it has been carried out, while others have been appalled by the work. I personally like the work, though I hope the entire length does not suffer it, as it would be a shame to lose the ruined original completely. These 5th century walls are remembered as the strongest city walls in the world. In addition to the great wall with its towers and gates and wall walk, there were additional defences. Outside this was a wide platform and then a second, smaller wall with its own parapet and towers. Beyond this was a wide moat. The defences held for many centuries until the advent of the cannon in siege warfare.

Access: The entire length of the land walls is walkable.

The sea walls are very fragmentary and only small stretches remain well preserved. The city was always in a great deal less danger from Sea attack and therefore the sea walls were much weaker. There are a few survivals of interest, including gates and the section of the outer wall of the Bucoleon palace.

Access: Always visible